Struts 2.3 to 2.5 migration

Dependencies

Update Struts dependencies to 2.5.

Remove the following plugin dependencies because they were dropped and aren’t supported anymore.

Dojo Plugin
Codebehind Plugin
JSF Plugin
Struts1 Plugin

StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter

The org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter was moved to org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.

In web.xml replace this:

<filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

with that:

<filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

There were other package changes, please read Version Notes 2.5 for more details.

DTD

Struts DTD was updated to 2.5 version.

In struts.xml replace 2.3 DTD version:

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

with 2.5:

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">

Tags attributes

The id attribute was replaced with var attribute in the following tags.

<s:action>
<s:append>
<s:bean>
<s:date>
<s:generator>
<s:iterator>
<s:merge>
<s:number>
<s:set>
<s:sort>
<s:subset>
<s:text>
<s:url>

If you have something like that in your code:

<s:url id="url" action="login">

change it to:

<s:url var="url" action="login">

The <s:set> tag name attribute is replaced with var attribute.

From:

<s:set id="str1" value="'string1 value'" />
<s:set name="str2" value="'string2 value'" />

to:

<s:set var="str1" value="'string1 value'" />
<s:set var="str2" value="'string2 value'" />

Also escape attribute was renamed to escapeHtml attribute.

From:

<s:property escape="true" var="someProperty"/>

to:

<s:property escapeHtml="true" var="someProperty"/>

Div tag

The <s:div> tag was dropped.

Replace <s:div> with plain HTML <div> tag.

Field names

If you have field names which starts with single lower case letter, for example:

private String sTrng;
public String getSTrng() {...}
public void setSTrng(String str) {...}

change accessors to getsTrng and setsTrng.

Or better yet, change field names to not contain single lower case letter:

private String strng;
public String getStrng() {...}
public void setStrng(String str) {...}

For additional info see WW-3909.

Tiles

Depending on from which version of struts you upgrade and whether you used tiles-plugin or tiles3-plugin you may need to do different steps.

Struts 2.5 just provides a tiles-plugin which uses Tiles3. So support for Tiles2 has been dropped as well as the name tiles3-plugin.

Now the only maven dependency looks like this:

maven dependecy for tiles-plugin

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
    <artifactId>struts2-tiles-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>${struts2.version}</version>
</dependency>

You may need to update DTD in your tiles.xml files to Tiles3:

tiles3 dtd

<!DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC
       "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration 3.0//EN"
       "http://tiles.apache.org/dtds/tiles-config_3_0.dtd">

A Listener in web.xml is required. It is not necessary to configure paths to tiles.xml files here as they are picked up automatically.

StrutsTilesListener in web.xml

<listener>
  <listener-class>org.apache.struts2.tiles.StrutsTilesListener</listener-class>
</listener>

Optionally you may remove TilesDefinitions from XML and annotate actions instead. See Tiles Plugin for more details.

Temp/Work directory of ApplicationServer/ServletContainer

Users reported it was necessary for them to remove temp/work directory of their ApplicationServer/ServletContainer. Likely to force server to recompile JSPs.

一	二	三	四	五	六	日
		1	2	3	4	5
6	7	8	9	10	11	12
13	14	15	16	17	18	19
20	21	22	23	24	25	26
27	28	29	30	31

规则	形式定义	意义
ALPHA	%x41-5A / %x61-7A	大写和小写 ASCII 字母 (A-Z a-z)
DIGIT	%x30-39	数字 (0-9)
HEXDIG	DIGIT / “A” / “B” / “C” / “D” / “E” / “F”	十六进制数字 (0-9 A-F a-f)
DQUOTE	%x22	双引号
SP	%x20	空格
HTAB	%x09	水平tab
WSP	SP / HTAB	空格和水平tab
LWSP	*(WSP / CRLF WSP)	线性空白(晚于换行)
VCHAR	%x21-7E	可见(打印)字符
CHAR	%x01-7F	任何 7-位 US-ASCII 字符，不包括 NUL
OCTET	%x00-FF	8 位数据
CTL	%x00-1F / %x7F	控制字符
CR	%x0D	回车
LF	%x0A	换行
CRLF	CR LF	互联网标准换行
BIT	“0” / “1”

Dependencies

StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter

DTD

Tags attributes

Div tag

Field names

Tiles

Temp/Work directory of ApplicationServer/ServletContainer

1. Margaret Hamilton

主要成就：阿波罗计划飞行控制软件的幕后英雄

网友评价

推荐阅读

2. Donald Knuth

主要成就：《计算机编程艺术》的作者

网友评价：

推荐阅读：

3. Ken Thompson

主要成就：Unix 缔造者

网友评价：

4. Richard Stallman

主要成就：Emacs 和 GCC 的缔造者

5. Anders Hejlsberg

主要贡献：Turbo Pascal 的缔造者、C# 之父

网友评价：

6. Doug Cutting

主要成就：Lucene 的缔造者

网友评价：

推荐阅读：

7. Jeff Dean

主要成就：

网友评价：

推荐阅读：

8. Sanjay Ghemawat

主要成就：举足轻重的Google架构师

网友评价：

9. Linus Torvalds

主要成就：Linux 之父

网友评价：

推荐阅读：

10. John Carmack | 约翰·卡马克

主要荣誉：Doom 之父

网友评价：

推荐阅读：

11. Fabrice Bellard

主要成就：QEMU 缔造者

网友评价：

推荐阅读：

12. Jon Skeet

主要成就：StackOverflow 上的传奇贡献者

网友评价：

13. Adam D’Angelo

主要成就：Quora 联合创始人

网友评价：

14. Petr Mitrechev

主要荣誉：全世界最有竞赛能力的程序员

15. Gennady Korotkevich

主要成就：编程竞赛的奇才